Operators in Java
Operator is a symbol to perform a certain operation on given operands.
Type of operators
1 . Arithmetic operators
2 . Relational operators
3 . Bitwise operators
4 . Logical operators
5 . Assignment operators
Now we will go through each kind of operator one by one
Arithmetic operator :
These operators are used in mathematical expressions in the same way that they are used in algebra.
Assume integer variables X and Y having values 10 and 5 respectively.
+ (Addition) : Adds values on either side of operator.
X+Y=10+5 gives 15 as result.
- (Subtraction) : Subtracts second value from the first one.
X-Y =10-5 gives 5 as result.
* (Multiplication) : Multiplies values given on either side.
X*Y=10*5 gives 50 as result.
/ (Division) : Divides first value by second one.
X/Y=10/5 gives 2 as result.
% (modulus) : Gives remainder if, a value is divided by another.
X%Y=10%5 gives 0 as result.
++ (Increment operator) : Increases a value by 1.
X++ is equivalent to x+1 i.e. 10+1 gives 11 as
result.
-- (Decrement operator) : Decreases a value by 1.
X-- is equivalent to X-1 i.e. 10-1 gives 9 as result.
Relational Operators :
Relational operators are used to compare operands.
Assume two integers X and Y having 10 and 5 respectively.
There are following type of relational operator.
==(equal to) : Checks if the values of two operands are equal or not, if yes
then condition becomes true.
(X==Y) is false.
!= (not equal to) : Checks if the values of two operands are equal or not, if
values are not equal then condition becomes true.
(X!=Y) is true.
> (greater than) : Checks if the value of left operand is greater than the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true.
(X>Y) is true.
< (less than) : Checks if the value of left operand is smaller than the value
of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true.
(X<Y) is false.
>= (greater than or equal to) : Checks if the value of left operand is
greater or equal to value of the left operand.
(X>=Y) is true.
<= (less than or equal to) : Checks if the value of left operand is smaller
or equal to value of the left operand.
(X<=Y) is false.
Bitwise operator :
Java Bitwise operators can be applied to integer types, long, int, short, char and byte.
Bit wise operator works on bits.
Assume int X=10 and Y=5 and their bit conversions are as follows
X=00001010
Y=00000101
& (Bitwise AND) : Binary AND operator copies a bit to the result if it exists
in both operands.
X&Y=00000000.
| ( bitwise OR) : Binary OR operator copies a bit if it exists in either
operand.
X | Y = 00001111.
^ (Bitwise XOR) : Binary XOR operator copies bit if it is set in one operand but not both.
X ^ Y = 00001111.
~ (Bitwise complement) : It is used to determine the negation of given
value.It is 2's complement of the given value
~X = 11110110
<< (Left shift operator) : The left operand value is moved left by the
number of bits specified by right operand.
X<<2 = 10<<2 = 00101000
>> ( Right shift operator) : The left operand value is moved right by
the number of bits specified by right operand.
X>>2 = 10>>2 = 10000010
Logical Operator :
This operator returns result in boolean(true or false).
Assume there are two boolean variables X and Y having values true and false respectively.
&& (Logical AND) : If both operands are true then (X&&Y) becomes true
otherwise becomes false.
|| (Logical OR) : If any one of the operands has value true (X||Y) becomes
true.
! (Logical NOT) : Reverse the logical state of the operand (!X) is false (!Y) is
true
Assignment Operator :
This operator is used to assign a value to a variable.
e.g. int x=5;
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Unicode system Ternary operator
Relational Operators :
Relational operators are used to compare operands.
Assume two integers X and Y having 10 and 5 respectively.
There are following type of relational operator.
==(equal to) : Checks if the values of two operands are equal or not, if yes
then condition becomes true.
(X==Y) is false.
!= (not equal to) : Checks if the values of two operands are equal or not, if
values are not equal then condition becomes true.
(X!=Y) is true.
> (greater than) : Checks if the value of left operand is greater than the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true.
(X>Y) is true.
< (less than) : Checks if the value of left operand is smaller than the value
of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true.
(X<Y) is false.
>= (greater than or equal to) : Checks if the value of left operand is
greater or equal to value of the left operand.
(X>=Y) is true.
<= (less than or equal to) : Checks if the value of left operand is smaller
or equal to value of the left operand.
(X<=Y) is false.
Bitwise operator :
Java Bitwise operators can be applied to integer types, long, int, short, char and byte.
Bit wise operator works on bits.
Assume int X=10 and Y=5 and their bit conversions are as follows
X=00001010
Y=00000101
& (Bitwise AND) : Binary AND operator copies a bit to the result if it exists
in both operands.
X&Y=00000000.
| ( bitwise OR) : Binary OR operator copies a bit if it exists in either
operand.
X | Y = 00001111.
^ (Bitwise XOR) : Binary XOR operator copies bit if it is set in one operand but not both.
X ^ Y = 00001111.
~ (Bitwise complement) : It is used to determine the negation of given
value.It is 2's complement of the given value
~X = 11110110
<< (Left shift operator) : The left operand value is moved left by the
number of bits specified by right operand.
X<<2 = 10<<2 = 00101000
>> ( Right shift operator) : The left operand value is moved right by
the number of bits specified by right operand.
X>>2 = 10>>2 = 10000010
Logical Operator :
This operator returns result in boolean(true or false).
Assume there are two boolean variables X and Y having values true and false respectively.
&& (Logical AND) : If both operands are true then (X&&Y) becomes true
otherwise becomes false.
|| (Logical OR) : If any one of the operands has value true (X||Y) becomes
true.
! (Logical NOT) : Reverse the logical state of the operand (!X) is false (!Y) is
true
Assignment Operator :
This operator is used to assign a value to a variable.
e.g. int x=5;
Previous topic Next topic
Unicode system Ternary operator
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